Rationing of elemental and polyelemental pollution of soil by heavy metals with mpc

Authors

  • T. F. Yakovyshyna Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, State Higher Education Establishment “Pridneprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture”, 24-A, Chernishevskogo str., Dnipropetrovsk, 49600, Ukraine, Ukraine

Keywords:

rationing, soil, heavy metals, ecological assessment, pollution.

Abstract

Summary.  Raising  of  problem.  According  to  biological  functions,  such  as  fertility,  balance  support  of  the  energy,  gas  in atmosphere, water, soil is an indispensable and irreplaceable component in the urban ecosystem, something, firstly, plays role a link between  its  other  abiotic  and  biotic  components  and,  secondly,  serves  biogeochemical  barrier  to  the  migration  of  the  various toxicants.  In  the  urban  ecosystems,  the  most  dangerous  pollutants  are  heavy  metals  (HM),  conventionally,  this  group  includes elements with an atomic mass of 50 a.m.u. (Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg and others). They have properties of metals or metalloids and are toxic to the humans  and biota. Therefore, rationing of a rationing  of the elemental and polyelemental pollution of the urban soil by HM has great scientific and practical importance for the sustainable development of megacities. It allows setting the level of danger according to the sanitary indicators for the population. Purpose. Conduct a rationing of excess content of HM in the urban soil using hygienic  indicator  -  MAC  by  comparing  the  conformity  assessment  element  and  polyelement  pollution  on  the  example  of Dnepropetrovsk.  The ecological monitoring network has been formed by applying a grid (2 km × 2 km) on territory for  ecological assessment of soil pollution of Dnepropetrovsk urboecosystem by HM. It is possible to identify 65 key sampling sites. The total content of Cd,  Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni was determined in selected samples by the atomic absorption method after acid treatment of the soil.  Rationing  of  the  elemental  and  polyelemental  pollution  by  HM  was  conducted  according  to  the  degradation  degree and polyelement  –  using soil pollution index (SPI).  Conclusion.  Research confirmed the need for the application of the sanitary and hygienic standards – MACs for rationing of the urban soil pollution by HM, because this makes it possible to set the danger degree to the public health. There are some hotspots wits Cu, Zn and Pb on the territory of Dnepropetrovsk.  The categories of problem and polluted soils  by HM  have been found by imposing values of  SPI.  The determination of SPI as the average of the elements summation negates the multiplicity of toxic groups of the certain HM, therefore, proposed integrated total index does not necessarily reflect the danger degree in case of the violation of hygienic standards.

Author Biography

T. F. Yakovyshyna, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, State Higher Education Establishment “Pridneprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture”, 24-A, Chernishevskogo str., Dnipropetrovsk, 49600, Ukraine

Ph.D., assistant professor

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Published

2016-02-23

Issue

Section

Creating of high-tech ecological complexes of Ukraine based on the concept of balance (stable) development