Study of the effect noise sources in the urban environment

Abstract

Purpose.  Studies of acoustic load from different types of vehicles on the local environment.  Method.  Full-scale experimental studies of determining noise levels from road and rail transport in Kharkov, as well as determining the noise level in the Park area (in the Central Park of culture and recreation M. Gorky) using sound level meters (VSHV  – 003 and BL-1-M1). Statistical methods and numerical methods were used to process and analyze experimental data.  Results.  Transport highways of Kharkiv without rail transport and with it were investigated. Studies have shown that roads with rail transport 5  − 10 dBA louder than roads without it. It was found that the level of acoustic load exceeds the norm and requires the introduction of various solutions to reduce it. Loads in places with high traffic intensity showed that the noise level at a distance of 1 m from the roadway is ≈ 90 dB. Moving away from the roadway, the noise is certainly extinguished and the acoustic load is reduced, but still it is necessary to reconstruct the rolling stock of rail transport and modernize the city streets. These works will increase the comfort and safety of passengers  and reduce the acoustic load on rail transport, which will improve the health of passengers.  Scientific novelty.  The dependence of acoustic load on planning decisions  and  such  elements  of  improvement  as  a  covering  of  the  carriageway  and  presence  of  green  plantings  is  scientifically proved. It was found that each of these factors is able to change the level of transport noise within 10 dB. Practical significance. It is established that on the streets of Kharkov noise exceeds 10  − 20 dB from the existing norms. It is established that noise protection in the city depends on the whole complex of architectural and planning solutions that modify the environment and can create o ptimal conditions for reducing the noise of traffic flows. Each of the above activities has its own practical limitations and opportunities that need to be taken into account when the intensity of the external noise of vehicles to such an extent as the calculation of technical and economic characteristics and time spent on the development and implementation of measures for noise protection of the urban environment.